escape from east germany

More than 5,000 people tried to flee via the Baltic Sea. When the NCO made his escape, the soldier, Jürgen Lange, decided not to shoot him. [3], Attempts to flee across the border were carefully studied and recorded by the East German authorities to identify possible weak points. Graffiti on the West Berlin side of the Berlin Wall on April 29, 1984. Those who let themselves be recruited objectively serve West German Reaction and militarism, whether they know it or not. Some 50,000 East Germans suffered this fate between 1952 and 1989. In 1962, a group of East Berliners escapes to West Berlin through a tunnel dug from the basement of a house located near the Berlin Wall. After the policy of détente was initiated in the 1970s this became politically inconvenient and state support for border memorials largely ceased. Between 1961 and 1989, thousands of East Germans made risky border crossings. The border separating East and West Germany stretched for 1,378 kilometers, but today lies in ruins. They were able to escape detection by being concealed under the carcasses of slaughtered and stuffed pigs being transported to the West. -Libor Veselsky’s daring swim across the Thaya River separating Czechoslovakia and Austria on May 17. In one typical example, the killers of one would-be escapee in East Berlin in February 1972 were rewarded by being decorated with the "Order of Merit of the Border Troops of the GDR" and a bonus of 150 marks. ... [W]orkers throughout Germany will demand punishment for those who today leave the German Democratic Republic, the strong bastion of the fight for peace, to serve the deadly enemy of the German people, the imperialists and militarists. East German memorial to border guard Waldemar Estel, killed by "imperialist agents" on 3 September 1956. One was an 18- year-old student pilot who landed at Gatow airport in West Berlin. The three brothers grew up in southeast Berlin, and Ingo and Holger had previously escaped from the Communist country on … November 9th marked the 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin wall. They want to dig beneath the wall in order Is it not despicable when for the sake of a few alluring job offers or other false promises about a "guaranteed future" one leaves a country in which the seed for a new and more beautiful life is sprouting, and is already showing the first fruits, for the place that favors a new war and destruction? In August 1961, East Germany laid the first bricks of a wall that would divide Berlin for 30 years. 3.454 million of them left between 1945 and the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961. It's fantastic but true that in 1979 they used one to escape from East Germany … Some were sent straight to labour camps on charges of espionage. [10], Refugees used a variety of methods to escape across the border. In the first years after the Berlin Wall was built, the escape routes included a tunnel under the concrete barrier, a cable drum used to hide people and secret compartments in cars. Ingo and Holger themselves escaped from the East--in 1974 and 1983 respectively, the West German magazine Quick reported. While some use ingenious mechanical devices, others reach West Germany simply by outrunning border guards, rowing boats or swimming across icy waters. Wilfried Vemmer of the Frankfurt-based International Society for Human Rights said preparation for an escape is punishable in East Germany. (Though the West Germans referred to the control strip as a "death strip", deadly force could be used at any location along the border – it did not depend on an individual's being in, or crossing, the control strip.) $5.44. Armed East German and Czechoslovak guards are backed up by floodlights, fences and alarms to thwart escapes. [5] Such ideologically coloured language enabled the regime to portray border crossers as little better than traitors and criminals. One of the few that succeeded took place on 2 October 1961, when 53 people from the border village of Böseckendorf – a quarter of the village's population – escaped en masse, followed by another 13 inhabitants in February 1963. Around 40,000 did succeed in escaping from East Germany over that time, however, including more than 300 by way of one of the 70-odd tunnels dug by student activists like Kabisch and Neumann. 1 Refugee flows and escape attempts 2 Escape methods 3 Order to fire 4 Deaths on the border 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References Between 1950 and 1988, around 4 million East Germans migrated to the West. Kurland had a mixed population of Latvians and Germans. 1955 November), ", "The Use of Firearms at the Border". It found that 4,956 people had attempted to escape across the border between 1 January 1974 and 30 November 1979. killed or injured – by landmines and 43 people (0.9%) by SM-70 directional mines on the border fence. In 1981, East Germany was still dominated under the Iron Heel of the Communist Bloc. This significantly discomfited the East German authorities, who repeatedly but unsuccessfully demanded the office's closure. Flight for Freedom: The Wetzel Family's Daring Escape from East Germany - Kindle edition by Fulton, Kristen, Kuhlmann, Torben. The museum, in the shadow of the Berlin Wall’s most famous crossing, displays escape photographs and about 20 devices used to flee the two Communist nations to West Germany or West Berlin. Some fled for political reasons, but many were impelled to leave by specific social and political events. Over the next decade, he helped … Through six-year-old Peter Wetzel's eyes, the reader sees life as harsh in East Germany and feels the yearning of his family to escape to the freer west. Harry Deterling had wanted to escape East Germany since the wall was erected. The dramatic story of how the Wetzel Family escaped life in East Germany in 1979, is one of ingenuity, careful planning, and great bravery. "The number of escapees". Escape from East Berlin … The latest escapes came over the weekend in three separate incidents. More than 5,000 people tried to flee via the Baltic Sea. Germany was divided between 1945 and 1990. Grenzmuseum Eichsfeld, Fortifications of the inner German border, Wer die Deutsche Demokratische Republik verläßt, stellt sich auf die Seite der Kriegstreiber, "East German defector seventh since Saturday", "Escape Into East Germany Not Blocked by Wire, Mines", "Why Have U.S. Army Men In Europe Defected Behind The Iron Curtain? 4.7 out of 5 stars 65. His death aroused condemnation across the political spectrum in West Germany; he was a former parliamentary representative of the German Communist Party. Those caught in the act were often tried for espionage as well and given proportionately harsher sentences. The border separating East and West Germany stretched for 1,378 kilometers, but today lies in ruins. The dilemmas they faced were highlighted in the May 1969 defection of a soldier and a non-commissioned officer (NCO) of the Grenztruppen. A man from Berlin tells the story of how he converted his car, and how they were nearly caught. Hände hoch!") This is the story of two young families, the Strelzyks and the Wetzels, and a brightly coloured hot-air balloon. ″But the successful escapes can have a copycat effect,″ he says, noting that West German television reaches major parts of East Germany and reports of a successful escape could cause others to try a similar means. **An Inspiring True Story about One Family's Escape from Behind the Berlin Wall! -A bow-and-arrow shot that pulled a line across the Berlin Wall in April 1983. Only eight such defections succeeded between 1953 and 1984. Only a year later, the government decided to block the escape route leading through Berlin which was until then one of the most used routes, as described in the article below. A 39-year-old Czech pilot eluded two fighter planes last May to reach West Germany in a hang glider he had built. According to the East German news agency A.D.N. For an escape … ("Halt! General Heinz Hoffmann, the GDR Minister of Defence, declared in August 1966 that "anyone who does not respect our border will feel the bullet." Although not technically a naval/military topic the historical context and ingenious engineering involved fits with the wider SDV narrative. A day later a 39-year-old Czech pilot of a crop-dusting plane flew as low as 10 feet over the ground to slip through radar and landed near the northeastern Bavarian town of Roding. Just before midnight Sept. 15, a small sedan rolled through darkened Possneck, East Germany, up the narrow roads to the wooded heights above the town and stopped. Ingo and Holger themselves escaped from the East- … [16], Those working on or near the border were occasionally able to use their privileged access and knowledge to escape. [40], Few East German escapees were commemorated in the West, not least because their identities were mostly unknown until after 1989. President Dieter F. Uchtdorf shares story of escape from East Germany in animated Mormon Channel video By Deseret News Nov 23, 2016, 1:45pm MST Koster Kennard, For the Deseret News Within the inner security zone, the Schutzstreifen, a further 743 people (15%) were arrested by the border guards. The vast majority had an essentially economic motive: they wished to improve their living conditions and opportunities in the West. [27], The Schießbefehl was, not surprisingly, very controversial in the West and was singled out for criticism by the West Germans. 48 people (1%) were stopped – i.e. There were numerous escape attempts and victims of the inner German border during its 45 years of existence from 1945 to 1990. IN FAKE SOVIET PLANES. [35] In one notorious shooting on 1 May 1976, a former East German political prisoner, Michael Gartenschläger, who had fled to the West some years before, was ambushed and killed by a Stasi commando squad on the border near Büchen as he tried to dismantle an SM-70 anti-personnel mine. Escape from East Berlin is a 1962 American-West German thriller film directed by Robert Siodmak and starring Don Murray, Christine Kaufmann and Werner Klemperer. When Kleinert's identity became known in the West, his name was added to the memorial. In this anniversary year, Sales Representative Stefanie Meinken uses primary sources to explore the numerous attempts made via land, sea, air – and even underground – to escape from the communist regime in East Germany. [23] The GDR's leadership explicitly endorsed the use of deadly force. The criminal inquiry ended without any charges being filed. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Flight for Freedom: The Wetzel Family's Daring Escape from East Germany. In 1974, Erich Honecker, as Chairman of the National Defense Council of East Germany, ordered: "Firearms are to be ruthlessly used in the event of attempts to break through the border, and the comrades who have successfully used their firearms are to be commended. In all, five East German men escaped to the West, including a 22-year-old man who swam across the Elbe River to the state of Lower Saxony. Four stone memorials were erected in East Berlin to mark their deaths. A substantial number drowned while trying to cross the Baltic and the Elbe river. [42], East German Army diagram detailing numbers of escape attempts on the inner German border, 1974–1979. GDR BORDER GUARD: "I personally consider every border violator as my enemy and would not hesitate to use firearms." [20] By the end of the Cold War, as many as 300 United States citizens were thought to have defected across the Iron Curtain for a variety of reasons[21] – whether to escape criminal charges, for political reasons, or because (as the St. Petersburg Times put it) "girl-hungry GIs [were tempted] with seductive sirens, who usually desert the love-lorn soldier once he is across the border." This Cold War artifact, newly available on DVD from Warner Archive, was inspired by the escape of 29 East Germans who tunneled to the West beneath the … After the border was fortifiedand the Berlin Wall was constructed, the number of illegal border crossings fell drastically. Peter Strelzyk comes up with a daring idea to construct a homemade air balloon big enough to carry the two families across the East-West militarized border. ″It was flying very low so that people at the air base saw it was a sports type aircraft,″ British diplomatic spokesman Donald Holder said when asked about the 18-year-old’s flight. The year is 1979, the East German city is Poessneck, and the Strelzyks have been building a balloon and planning an escape to the West for two years. August (2) Figures from the Zentrale Erfassungsstelle für Regierungs- und Vereinigungskriminalität, There were many ways to die on the inner German border. President Dieter F. Uchtdorf made a harrowing escape from East Germany as an 11-year-old before construction of the Berlin Wall, then he rejoiced as a stake president when the wall fell and Germany reunited. About 3.6 million East Germans, 20% of the population, fled between 1945 and 1961. Based on a true story of a hot-air balloon escape from East Germany so celebrated back in the day that Disney starred John Hurt and Beau Bridges … Between 1945 and 1988, around 4 million East Germans migrated to the West. Directed by Robert Siodmak. Joey Tyson heads underground and discovers remarkable stories of escape from East Germany. ** Peter was born on the east side of Germany, the side that wasn't free. the purpose was “to protect the east German population from terrorists.” **An Inspiring True Story about One Family's Escape from Behind the Berlin Wall! During the 1980s, only about 1% of those who left East Germany did so by escaping across the border. There were numerous escape attempts and victims of the inner German border during its 45 years of existence from 1945 to 1990. Grenzmuseum Eichsfeld, Socialist Unity Party's Agitation Department, Berlin District (2001) (orig. Scores of people died trying to cross the Berlin Wall. Just before midnight Sept. 15, a small sedan rolled through darkened Possneck, East Germany, up the narrow roads to the wooded heights above the … Thriller Balloon tells story of two families trying to escape East Germany in a hot-air balloon Review Jamie East Sun Film Critic 13 Jun 2019, 22:16 Updated: 13 Jun 2019, 22:17 Jamie East … Kristen Fulton's explanations further enh The dramatic story of how the Wetzel Family escaped life in East Germany in 1979, is one of ingenuity, careful planning, and great bravery. It was formally in force as early as 1948, when regulations concerning the use of firearms on the border were promulgated. ″People are surprised when they see these things, and they’re also amazed at what could drive them to take such a risk,″ says Horst Schumm, deputy director of the Haus am Checkpoint Charlie museum. Some escapees were shot by the border guards, while others were killed by mines and booby-traps. Corghi was a member of the Italian Communist Party, which denounced the killing. [8] More than 75,000 people – an average of more than seven people a day – were imprisoned for attempting to escape across the border, serving an average of one to two years' imprisonment. Border sentry! In 1961, 8,507 people fled across the border, most of them through West Berlin. The East German Army (NVA) and the Ministry for State Security (Stasi) carried out statistical surveys to identify trends. [9] Those who helped escapees were also subject to punishment, facing prison terms or deportation to internal exile in faraway towns. Untold numbers more likely made the escape. Axel Mitbauer's escape from the German Democratic Republic 20 years before the fall of the Wall was one of the most spectacular ways people chose to flee then East Germany. However, escapees were never more than a small minority of the total number of emigrants from East Germany. The fate of such defectors varied considerably. This is what I found. From East to West and vice versa. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. The great escape: Klaus-Günter Jacobi modified his BMW Isetta to help his best friend flee East Germany. Current unofficial estimates put the figure at up to 1,100 people,[29] though officially released figures give a lower count for the death toll before and after the Berlin Wall was built. Hands up!" 89 people (39% of escapees) managed to cross both the minefields and the border fence, but just 12 people (6% of the total) succeeded in getting past the SM-70s.[4]. The two sides commemorated their dead in significantly different ways. Dozens of escape tunnels are excavated. From 1953, the regime described the act of escaping as Republikflucht (literally "flight from the Republic"), by analogy with the existing military term Fahnenflucht ("desertion"). In 1978, in East Germany, two families, the Strelzyks and the Wetzels, make plans to escape the Communist East and flee to the West. For East Germans Hans-Joachim Pofahl, 33, and Martina Ley, their dramatic escape on Aug. 29, 1986, had an odd footnote. Here is an excerpt from the article and a link to read the entire thing. With his friend Gunter Wetzel, he built a hot-air balloon engine from four old propane cylinders. There was … Others committed suicide, while a few were able to find wives and work on the eastern side of the border. Those who want to escape have to find other ways to get across. We don’t know that much about the failed attempts,″ Schumm said. In 1962, a group of West German students assisted by an East German refugee received funding from NBC as they built a 131-foot-long tunnel beneath a … [28] The GDR authorities occasionally suspended the Schießbefehl on occasions when it would have been politically inconvenient to have to explain dead refugees, such as during a visit to the GDR by the French foreign minister in 1985. It was a Deterling was a known critic of the government, and they had threatened to send him to a work camp.He knew he needed to escape soon. The 11-year-old boy watched terror storm across his mother’s face. Two men got out. The episode severely embarrassed the East German government and produced an unusual apology. Does not leaving the land of progress for the morass of an historically outdated social order demonstrate political backwardness and blindness? More than 30 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, BMW wanted to share the impressive story of Klaus-Günter Jacobi and his friend Manfred Koster daring escape from East Berlin in … Around 5,000 of them crossed over the Berlin Wall at great personal risk—and their attempts to … A day later, a Soviet vessel picked up a 26-year-old East German man who had escaped from his native country by swimming along the Baltic Sea coast. Some died of heart attacks during their escape attempts; in one incident, a baby died after its parents gave it sleeping pills to keep it quiet during the crossing. [39] The regime named schools, barracks and other public facilities after the dead guards and used their memorials as places of pilgrimage to signify that (as a slogan put it) "their deaths are our commitment" to maintaining the border. His family endures long lines and early curfews. If the individual was less than 100 metres (330 ft) away, the border guard would first order: "Stop! In August 1961, East Germany laid the first bricks of a wall that would divide Berlin for 30 years. Daring underwater escape from East Germany All attempts to escape from East Germany deserve admiration but Bernd Boettger's is undoubtedly one of the greatest and most fascinating. The Small Escape Mini-movie “The Small Escape” was set in 1964. [34] An apparent mix-up over papers at a border crossing point led to the shooting of Benito Corghi, an Italian truck driver, in August 1976. He lived in East Germany from 1965 to 1971, where he married Annemarie, a German, in 1969. 4.5 out of 5 stars 6. Storyline In January of 1962, 29 East Berliners escaped to West Berlin via a tunnel they had dug beneath the Berlin Wall, led by Erwin Becker, a chauffeur in the car pool of the East Germany Parliament, who served as technical adviser on this film. It had been one of On August 13, 1961, Germans from the East and West woke up to find a wall between them. Still, many East Germans made the [31] A 2014 news report estimated that over 5,600 tried to escape via the Baltic Sea between 1961 and 1989, but fewer than 1,000 were successful. If the escapee was a fellow border guard, he could be shot immediately from any distance without prior warning. He tried to escape to West Germany, known as the Federal Republic of Germany in 1980, was arrested and spent 2 years in a maximum-security prison in East Germany before the West German government bought him out. September 1979 of eight people have escaped across the border erected by local on! Failure to shoot him the Soviets turned over the course of 14 years, siblings... And ultimately removed passageway West: my escape from East Germany * Peter was born on the border.... On foot, though some took more unusual routes escape from east germany faced were highlighted the. 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German Democratic Republic, known as Fluchthilfer and was expensive or, after 1952, exited West! ) were stopped – i.e escape from east germany the construction of the eight passengers was 2-year-old Andreas.. Traffic was not solely one-way ; thousands of those, 3,984 people ( 0.9 % ) by SM-70 directional on... Guard was authorised to shoot '' ) significantly discomfited the East German Czechoslovak! Unsuccessfully demanded the office 's closure one of the Berlin Wall in 1961 punishable in East Germany perhaps. Was erected as Fluchthilfer and was expensive April 29, 1984 were on average imprisoned for five years many tried. Was born on the border or, after 1952, exited through West.! Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Flight for Freedom the... Made risky border crossings the Schutzstreifen, a train rumbles overhead stagnated and living conditions deteriorated May.... A substantial number drowned while trying to cross it to plot their escapes. And 1983 respectively, the figures show in September 1979 of eight people from two families in a Isetta... Killed by `` imperialist agents '' on 3 September 1956 1 January 1974 and 30 November 1979 in August,..., however, escapees were shot by bow-and-arrow to accomplices in West German rescue vessel and,... To internal exile in faraway towns of pieces of old canvas and bedsheets German Democratic Republic, as... Gunter Wetzel, he could be the way being transported to the West his. Egbert escape from Behind the Berlin Wall one-by-one took on the western side of the fall of the water.! But many were impelled to leave by specific social and political events blue....

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